Challenges and Opportunities for Sustainable Water Resources Management in Nigeria: A Review
Abstract
Water resource management in Nigeria is a complex issue shaped by its diverse geography, climate variability, and rapid population growth. Despite substantial water resources, the country faces significant challenges in ensuring reliable access to clean and safe water. This paper examines the current status of water resources in Nigeria, highlighting issues such as uneven distribution, infrastructure deficiencies, pollution, and the impacts of climate change. It explores the technological innovations and opportunities that can enhance sustainable water resource management, including smart water management systems, advanced water treatment technologies, efficient irrigation techniques, and integrated water resource management (IWRM). The discussion emphasises the importance of investment in infrastructure, effective governance, community engagement, and sustainable practices in addressing water management challenges. The paper concludes that a coordinated and comprehensive approach involving all stakeholders is essential for overcoming the existing challenges and achieving sustainable and equitable water resource management in Nigeria. Implementing these strategies will ensure water resources' long-term availability and quality, promoting public health, agricultural productivity, and climate change resilience, ultimately securing Nigeria's water-secure future. Thus, this study proposed a framework for effective water resource management in Nigeria.