OECD Instruments at the Intersection of Antitrust, Tax Policy, and Labour Law: Global Standards for Fair Markets

Abstract

In the era of rapid digital economy development, existing legal regulations, drafted before the intensification of this process, are increasingly proving inadequate to contemporary realities. Modern technologies enable the provision of most services remotely. Regulations that for many years governed the provision of local services were designed with business activities based on physical presence and limited territorial scope in mind. At the time when these regulations were developed, the rapid expansion of online services or the extensive scale of e-commerce could not have been anticipated. The profound transformation of business models adopted by a significant number of enterprises, including multinational corporations, has become a major challenge for legislators, who must adapt existing legal frameworks to the realities of a rapidly changing world. This process is particularly complex due to the risk of significant tax revenue losses for countries in which these enterprises, predominantly American corporations, are headquartered. Consequently, the regulations currently regulations in force may be regarded as outdated and insufficient for conducting business in the 21st century. This situation creates substantial systemic challenges and underscores the scale of the difficulties involved in developing unified global legal regulations. Their implementation would require international consensus that takes into account the interests of all states and encourages them to adopt and enforce common principles. The introduction of new regulations modifying taxation mechanisms also has a significant impact on market competition and labor law, as demonstrated in this article.