DURABILITY AND RELATED PROPERTIES OF CEMENT-BASED COMPOSITES CONTAINING CERAMIC WASTE TILE POWDER
Abstract
<p>The increasing environmental impact of cement production has driven the search for sustainable supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs). The incorporation of ceramic waste tile powder (CWTP) as a partial cement replacement in concrete and mortar has proven to be significant for durability and related properties improvement, enhancing the microstructure of cementitious composites, reducing porosity and capillary absorption, while simultaneously promoting the formation of additional C–S–H gel through pozzolanic reactions. It has been observed that the optimal level of cement replacement with CWTP depends on the investigated durability property, with overall performance improvements achieved within a range of approximately 5% to 40%. Lower replacement levels (around 5–20%) show more favorable results in terms of acid and sulfate resistance, while higher levels (30–40%) significantly contribute to the reduction of capillary absorption and chloride ion penetration, confirming that the effectiveness of CWTP varies depending on the dominant degradation mechanism.</p>