Effectiveness of Diaphragmatic Breathing Technique on Stress Reduction among Patients  with Acute Heart Failure: A Quasi-Experimental Study

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the effect of diaphragmatic breathing techniques on stress levels in patients with acute heart failure. Study Design: Quasi-experimental studyPlace and Duration of Study: This study was conducted at the Al Muthanna Governorate-Iraq from 15th January 2026 to 30th June 2026. Methods: Fifty patients diagnosed with acute heart failure in selected before and during the use of diaphragmatic breathing, Perceived Stress Questionnaire evaluated stress levels. Results: The high (36%) and moderate (52%) levels of stress were present before intervention, with a mean score of 2.24±0.657. The diaphragmatic breathing intervention, most individuals were classified as low stress (70%) and high levels of stress were eliminated (0%), leading to a lower mean score of 1.30±0.463. A statistically significant (P<0.05) correlation between the sociodemographic factors and stress levels after posttest was not found. Conclusion: The diaphragmatic breathing method was found to have a significant, positive impact on stress levels related to patients with acute heart failure The intervention was effective regardless of socio-demographic characteristics.