Magnetic‐Suspension Triboelectric Nanogenerator for Aeroelastically Enhanced Distributed Wind Energy Harvesting in Coastal Infrastructure

Abstract

Coastal infrastructures are exposed to abundant wind resources, offering significant potential for distributed energy harvesting. However, existing wind energy harvesting strategies often suffer from low output, mechanical wear, and limited operational lifespan. Inspired by the working mechanism of adenosine triphosphate synthase, this study proposes a magnetic‐suspension axial self‐excited rotary triboelectric nanogenerator (MS‐TENG) as an approach for aeroelastically enhanced wind energy harvesting. The MS‐TENG exploits aeroelastic vibration amplification and nonlinear axial self‐oscillation induced by spiral magnetic poles to produce periodic axial magnetic repulsion forces, resulting in a rotational–axial coupled motion that converts detrimental wind‐induced structural vibrations into enhanced energy harvesting. Experimental results demonstrate that under a wind speed of 12 m/s, the MS‐TENG delivered a peak‐to‐peak voltage of 137 V, a short‐circuit current of 17.7 µA, and a maximum output power of 12.3 mW. The MS‐TENG demonstrated long‐term operational stability with less than 4.5% voltage decay after 110,000 high‐speed rotation cycles, charged a 20 µF capacitor to 7 V within 37 s, and continuously powered electronic devices. Furthermore, integration with machine learning‐based wind speed prediction demonstrates its feasibility for reliable distributed power supply in coastal infrastructure. This work provides an effective strategy for sustainable distributed wind energy harvesting in civil infrastructures.