Incidence and risk factors associated with pressure ulcers following total hip arthroplasty: A prospective analysis

Abstract

abstract Background: Pressure ulcers (PUs) are a significant postoperative complication, particularly prevalent among patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty (THA). This prospective study conducted at Shafa Yahyaeian Hospital in Tehran during the first half of 2023 aims to determine the incidence and risk factors associated with PUs following THA. Aim: This study aimed to determine the incidence of pressure ulcers and to identify the main risk factors associated with their development in patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty. Methods: The current study is a prospective investigation conducted on patients undergoing THA at Shafa yahyaeian Hospital in Tehran. Our research tool consisted of a checklist created by the researcher, which included Demographic and Background Information, Skin Condition and Braden Pressure Ulcer Assessment Tool. Results: Among 252 enrolled patients, 34.9% developed PUs, predominantly on the third day post-surgery. Advanced age, prolonged postoperative immobility, and lower limb edema emerged as critical risk factors. The use of wavy mattresses significantly reduced PU incidence. The Braden Scale effectively predicted high-risk patients, emphasizing its role in early identification and prevention strategies. Conclusion: Our findings underline the necessity for targeted interventions, vigilant monitoring, and the integration of advanced pressure-reducing devices to mitigate the risk of PUs and enhance patient outcomes in postoperative care settings. Key words: Pressure ulcers; Total hip arthroplasty; Incidence; Risk factors