Impact of climate change on indoor air quality at school

Abstract

Climate change and urbanization demands have highlighted the importance of indoor air quality (IAQ) as a key component of healthy and sustainable buildings. School environments are of particular concern because children spend a significant portion of their day indoors and are more susceptible to the adverse effects of air pollution than adults. Numerous studies have linked poor IAQ in schools with respiratory diseases, allergic symptoms, reduced cognitive performance, and increased absenteeism. This paper reviews current evidence on the health and educational impacts of indoor air pollution in schools and discusses opportunities for improvement through green building principles. Special attention is given to ventilation strategies, low-emission building materials, moisture control, air filtration systems, and the role of green infrastructure in reducing pollutant exposure. To illustrate local conditions, indoor air quality measurements were conducted in two primary schools in Niš, Serbia, revealing differences in pollutant presence associated with surrounding traffic intensity. The findings emphasize the need for continuous IAQ monitoring and the integration of sustainable building solutions to create healthier, more resilient, and energy-efficient educational environments that support both student well-being and academic performance.