Blockchain Management Empowering Green and Climate Finance: Mechanisms, Real‑World Dilemmas and Optimization Paths

Abstract

Against the background of China's dual-carbon strategic goals, green and climate finance have achieved rapid scale expansion as critical instruments for low-carbon economic transition. Nevertheless, the whole market is still plagued by prominent governance risks, including intentional environmental data manipulation, and repeated double-counting of carbon assets, as well as poor traceability of green project capital flows. As an innovative trust-rebuilding management paradigm rather than simple technical tools, blockchain management leverages distributed ledgers, data immutability and smart-contract functions to deliver credible technical support for green-climate finance. This paper adopts qualitative analytical research, including literature review and dual-case comparison, to investigate how blockchain management functions within green credit, carbon trading and green bond scenarios. It identifies major practical obstacles and puts forward coordinated institutional-technical optimization proposals. The study reveals that blockchain can effectively mitigate information asymmetry in green-financial practice. Nevertheless, its large-scale commercial deployment is hindered by on-chain-off-chain data fragmentation, insufficient unified regulatory standards and relatively high technical operation costs. Therefore, collaborative governance mechanisms, unified industry-wide standards and lower access thresholds for small- and medium-sized enterprises are urgently required for future development.