Temporomandibular Disorders in Dentulous and Partially Dentulous Patients Having Reduced Lower Facial Height

Abstract

Background: Temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) affect the temporomandibular joint, masticatory muscles, and associated structures. Reduced lower facial height may alter occlusal relationships and joint function. Objective: To assess and compare the frequency and severity of TMDs among dentulous and partially dentulous patients with reduced lower facial height. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Prosthodontics, Institute of Dentistry, Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences, Jamshoro/Hyderabad. 316 patients were recruited through non-probability consecutive sampling. Assessment included functional history, resting and occlusal vertical dimensions, joint examination, and masticatory muscle palpation. TMD severity was assessed using a visual analogue pain scale. Results: The mean age was 53.11 years. TMD occurred in 53.2% of participants. TMJ pain (67.1%) and clicking (53.5%) were the most frequent findings, while masseter (80.1%) and temporalis (72.5%) tenderness were common. Mild pain was reported by 55.7%. TMD was significantly associated with dentulous status (P=0.001). Conclusion: TMD was common among patients with reduced lower facial height and was significantly associated with partially. Comprehensive assessment may facilitate management.