Effects of Tillandsia recurvata Colonization on Vegetative Reserve Compounds in Neltuma laevigata

Abstract

Mesquite species are widely distributed across arid and semi-arid regions and provide important ecological and socioeconomic benefits, including timber, livestock forage, fuelwood, and food for human consumption. However, mesquite woodlands are threatened by several biotic factors, including insect pests, parasitic plants, and epiphytes. The abundance of the atmospheric epiphyte Tillandsia recurvata has been associated with the mineral characteristics of potential host-tree canopies. This study evaluated whether colonization by T. recurvata was associated with changes in nitrogenous compounds and carbohydrate reserves in natural stands of Neltuma laevigata in northern Mexico. Total soluble proteins were quantified using the Bradford method, total free amino acids using the Yemm and Cocking method, starch using a colorimetric iodine-based procedure, and total soluble sugars using the Van Handel method. Roots, stems, leaves, and fruits were compared between trees growing at a site colonized by T. recurvata and trees at a site where the epiphyte was absent. Total soluble protein concentrations did not differ significantly between sites in any of the evaluated organs. In contrast, significant differences in total free amino acid and starch concentrations were detected in all organs. Total soluble sugars concentrations did not differ significantly in roots or fruits, whereas significant differences were observed in stems and leaves. These findings indicate that T. recurvata colonization was associated with organ-specific variation in the nitrogen and carbon reserve compounds of N. laevigata, although total soluble protein concentrations remained unchanged.