CerebroSim: Scalable Whole-Brain Simulator at 100-Trillion-Synapse Scale on the LineShine Supercomputer
TL;DR
CerebroSim, a scalable framework for whole-brain simulation that combines Delay-aware Spike Broadcast for aggregated delay-aware communication, Race-free Synaptic Dynamics Computation for lock/atomic-free multithreaded delivery with HBM-aware optimization, and Sparse Synapse Storage Compression for compact indexing with deterministic synapse regeneration is presented.
Abstract
Building executable brain models is essential for moving neuroscience from description to mechanism and prediction. Human-brain-scale spiking simulation is constrained by highly irregular communication, multithreaded spike delivery, and the memory cost of sparse connectivity. We present CerebroSim, a scalable framework for whole-brain simulation. CerebroSim combines Delay-aware Spike Broadcast (DSB) for aggregated delay-aware communication, Race-free Synaptic Dynamics Computation (RSDC) for lock/atomic-free multithreaded delivery with HBM-aware optimization, and Sparse Synapse Storage Compression (3SC) for compact indexing with deterministic synapse regeneration. Using a model derived from magnetic resonance imaging and diffusion-weighted imaging, CerebroSim simulates 86 billion neurons and 100 trillion synapses on 18,432 nodes across 11.2 million cores of the LineShine Supercomputer, sustaining 24.44 PFlop/s, 91% weak-scaling efficiency, and 94% strong-scaling efficiency. This capability makes biologically constrained human-brain models practical for mechanistic studies of brain disorders and controlled in silico testing of intervention hypotheses.