Bioelectronics beyond proof-of-concept demonstration

Abstract

Biomedical electronic devices are developed to monitor physiological activity and deliver interventions at specific sites in the body. Their operation requires stable biological interfaces, suitable power delivery and reliable interpretation of electrical signals. These requirements become particularly important during movement and prolonged use, when changes in the interface can affect device performance. Developing clinically useful systems therefore requires an understanding of how materials and device architectures preserve the intended function under these conditions. Recent contributions to APL Electronic Devices address these requirements through advances in wearable sensors, biomolecular detection, soft actuators and power sources. We argue that the next stage of development requires closer integration of these capabilities around defined clinical needs. This Editorial examines the resulting design priorities for biological interfaces, feedback control, functional lifetime and reproducible fabrication.