Social Capital as the Foundation for Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Strategy: A Case Study of the Goat Village Oro-Oro, Supported by PT Pertamina Patra Niaga AFT Juanda

Abstract

Implementing Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) through a community development approach requires strategies tailored to a community’s social characteristics so that programs are participatory and sustainable. However, CSR strategies are often formulated without considering community social capital as a basis for program planning. This study aims to analyze the social capital characteristics of the Kelompok Kambing Oro-Oro goat farmers and to explain their implications for the CSR strategy of PT Pertamina Patra Niaga AFT Juanda. A qualitative case study design was employed. Data were collected through interviews, observation, and documentation, and analyzed interactively through data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The results show that the group’s social capital is reflected in three dimensions: trust, norms, and social networks. Together, these dimensions shape the community’s social capacity, which serves as a foundation for a CSR strategy that is more contextual, participatory, and sustainability-oriented, and which has shaped the distinct community development-based CSR approach of PT Pertamina Patra Niaga AFT Juanda. This study argues that identifying social capital is a foundational step in the pre-intervention stage and can serve as a basis for formulating CSR strategies before community empowerment programs are implemented.