The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) has evolved complex mechanisms to manipulate the host immune system and epigenetic machinery, enabling it to establish lifelong latent infection within host cells. Emerging evidence strongly indicates that the EBV acts as a main epigenetic manipulator by silencing host regulatory genes, altering host chromatin landscapes and exploiting B-cell biology. Key mechanisms include viral-mediated recruitment of host DNA methyltransferases and histone-modifying enzymes; modulation of host non-coding RNAs and chromatin architectural factors; and targeted disruption of interferon signaling through RNA methylation and restructuring of host chromatin. These integrated processes allow EBV to maintain a lifelong infection in humans, evade both innate and adaptive immunity, and respond to reactivation signals. Understanding the virus-host epigenetic interplay offers new opportunities for therapeutic interventions targeting epigenetic regulators in EBV-associated diseases.
Epigenetic regulation represents a central mechanism governing host-parasite interactions and integrating advanced approaches, including single-cell epigenomics and spatial transcriptomics, may clarify cell-specific mechanisms and identify novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
H. Alzaylaee, W. Elkholy, Marwa A. Elkholy et al.· Immunological Investigations· 0 citations
Epigenetic regulation has emerged as a fundamental mechanism governing immune function in poultry by integrating genetic, environmental, nutritional, and microbial signals without altering the DNA sequence. Recent advances in epigenomics have revealed that DNA methylation, histone modifications, chromatin remodeling, a...
Oncogenic viral pathogens, such as human papillomavirus (HPV), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), hepatitis B and C viruses (HBV, HCV), and Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV), are involved in a significant proportion of human cancers worldwide. While genetic and epigenetic mechanisms underlying viral oncogenesis hav...
Zi-Nan Yang, Yang Bai, Li-Hui Jia et al.· Reviews in Medical Virology· 0 citations
HIV-1 is one of the most serious pathogens currently threatening human health worldwide. Although antiretroviral therapy (ART) effectively suppresses HIV-1 replication, it fails to eliminate the latent reservoir of transcriptionally silent proviruses that persist in long-lived cells, making HIV-1 latency the major obst...
Shu-Han Yang, Jin-Song Yuan, Xiao-Dong Sun et al.· Frontiers in Cellular and In...· 0 citations
Epstein–Barr Virus (EBV) is an oncogenic gammaherpesvirus present in >95% of the adult population. EBV is responsible for nearly 2% of the global cancer burden and is a contributing factor in the development and progression of both epithelial and lymphoid malignancies. Throughout its lifecycle, EBV manipulates the DNA...
Emily DiMaulo-Milk, B. Damania· Viruses· 0 citations
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a geographically distinct malignancy closely associated with Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) infection and characterized by extensive epigenetic reprogramming within a highly immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), a multifunctional chromatin-binding...
Cho-Yiu Lau, K. S. Khan, D. Kwong et al.· International Journal of Mol...· 0 citations
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