Distributed Databases for Modern Computing Applications

Abstract

The distributed databases now become a building block of modern computing infrastructures under the influence of the dramatic increase in data volumes, the evolution of cloud computing, and the need to manage large-scale, fault-tolerant, and performance-intensive data warehouses. The conventional centralized database architecture is no longer adequate to support the needs of the modern applications including cloud services, Internet of Things (IoT), big data analytics, real-time processing and globally distributed web applications. Distributed database system handles these issues by partitioning, replicating and controlling data in more geographically dispersed nodes whilst ensuring consistency, availability and reliability. This paper entails a detailed analysis of distributed database in the contemporary computer use. It discusses the architectural concepts, design techniques, data dispersion strategies, and consistency models and techniques of dealing with transaction in a distributed database system. An in-depth literature review reflects the development of distributed databases, the primitive models of client-servers to the new cloud-native and NoSQL databases. The given methodology analyses the system design issues as part of it, such as data partitioning, replication scheme, concurrency control, and fault resistance. The analysis of the performance evaluation is done through experimental assessment and discussion of performance measures which include the latency, throughput, scalability, and availability. The paper has summarized by determining major issues, new trends and subsequent research agenda in the distributed database systems.