Analysis of Renal Prognostic Factors in Patients with Acute Renal Infarction: A 10-Year Retrospective Study

Abstract

Objective: Acute renal infarction (RI) is an uncommon condition with heterogeneous etiologies and potentially important renal sequelae. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical, laboratory, radiological, and treatment-related characteristics of patients with acute RI and to determine risk factors for acute kidney injury (AKI) at admission and chronic kidney disease (CKD) at 1 year.Materials and Methods: This retrospective observational study included patients with radiologically confirmed acute RI at two tertiary care centers in Ankara, Turkiye: Dışkapı Yıldırım Beyazıt Training and Research Hospital (1 January 2015 to 1 September 2022) and Ankara Etlik City Hospital (1 October 2022 to 28 February 2025). Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to identify predictors of AKI at admission. Firth penalized logistic regression was used to evaluate factors associated with CKD at 1 year because of the limited number of CKD events. Results: A total of 57 patients were enrolled; 56.1% were male and the mean age was 54.7 ± 13.8 years. AKI was present in 29 patients (50.9%), while CKD was observed in 13 patients (22.8%) at 1-year follow-up. In logistic regression analysis, older age was associated with AKI at admission (odds ratio [OR] = 1.058, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.002-1.100; p=0.043), and AKI at admission remained associated with CKD at 1 year (penalized OR = 10.33, 95% CI 1.68–63.28; p=0.012).Conclusion: Patients with RI who had AKI at admission were at higher risk of developing CKD at 1 year. Older age was associated with AKI at admission. Post-discharge renal monitoring may be warranted, particularly for patients diagnosed with AKI.