IDENTIFIKASI DAN INVENTARISASI KERAGAMAN SERANGGA PADA BERBAGAI DESAIN PERANGKAP DI TANAMAN BELUM MENGHASILKAN KELAPA SAWIT

Abstract

Insect diversity in oil palm plantations is influenced by various factors, including the trap design used during inventory activities. This study aimed to identify and inventory insect diversity using various trap designs in immature oil palm plantations and determine the most effective trap design. The study was conducted from February to March 2026 in Central Tapanuli Regency, North Sumatra, using a non-factorial Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with four treatments: Vane Trap, Bucket Trap, Multi-Funnel Trap, and Frame Net Trap, each replicated six times. Observations were conducted for 21 days using a natural attractant consisting of pineapple extract and fermented banana stem solution. The observed variables included the number of insect individuals, taxonomic identification to the species level, ecological roles, Shannon–Wiener diversity index, and evenness index. The results showed that the Multi-Funnel Trap was the most effective trap, producing the highest number of captured insects (248 individuals). A total of 562 individual insects were identified, comprising 4 orders, 10 families, 18 genera, and 19 species, with the order Coleoptera dominating at 86.12%. Based on their ecological roles, insects were predominantly decomposers (52.31%), followed by predators (25.09%) and pests (22.60%). The diversity index values obtained from the Vane Trap, Bucket Trap, and Multi-Funnel Trap were categorized as moderate, whereas the Frame Net Trap showed low diversity. Therefore, the Multi-Funnel Trap was the most effective trap design for insect diversity inventory in oil palm plantations.