Psychometric evaluation of the Azerbaijani HEXACO-60 in a large student sample

Abstract

The HEXACO-60 is a widely used 60-item instrument assessing the six-factor model of personality, yet its psychometric robustness remains largely untested in the South Caucasus. This study evaluated the Azerbaijani version of the HEXACO-60 in a large multi-university sample of university students (N = 1178; 654 males, 524 females; M age = 20.9, SD = 2.1). Confirmatory factor analysis supported the hypothesized six-factor structure with acceptable model fit (χ 2 (1684) = 4165.20, CFI = .930, TLI = .923, RMSEA = .045, SRMR = .048). All dimensions exhibited satisfactory internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha = .72–.85; McDonald’s omega = .74–.87). Convergent validity was supported through theoretically consistent associations with self-compassion and self-esteem: Honesty–Humility and Emotionality showed the strongest positive associations with self-compassion (r = .42 and .35, respectively), whereas Extraversion demonstrated the strongest positive association with self-esteem (r = .42). These findings provide the first comprehensive psychometric evaluation of the Azerbaijani HEXACO-60 and support the cross-cultural applicability of the HEXACO model in an understudied South Caucasus context.