Research on compact single-beam atomic magnetometer with high sensitivity under geomagnetic field intensity

Abstract

Atomic magnetometers are promising candidates for high-precision magnetic field sensing owing to their high sensitivity and potential for miniaturized implementation. In this work, an integrated single-beam optically pumped atomic magnetometer is developed for magnetic field detection under geomagnetic-field conditions. The system is designed with a compact sensing module and a simplified optical configuration, aiming to balance device size and detection sensitivity. The influences of vapor cell temperature, pump light power, and radio-frequency magnetic field amplitude on the magnetic resonance response are experimentally investigated, and the operating parameters are optimized accordingly. The magnetometer achieves a sensitivity of 1.8 pT/Hz1/2 and enables rapid tracking of dynamic magnetic fields under geomagnetic-field intensity. Benefiting from its compact structure, simplified configuration, and high sensitivity, the proposed magnetometer provides a practical solution for field-deployable magnetic sensing and shows potential for applications in geomagnetic monitoring, aeromagnetic detection, and distributed magnetic measurement systems.