Ruang Terbuka Hijau dan Luaran Kesehatan Masyarakat: Analisis Data Panel di Provinsi Jawa Barat, Indonesia

Abstract

Public health outcomes are an important indicator of development success. In this study, public health outcomes are measured through diabetes mellitus, stunting, and neonatal mortality. West Java Province was selected as the study area due to its diverse demographic, socioeconomic, and spatial characteristics, which reflect the dynamics of regional development and public health through 2024. Previous research supports the notion that Green Open Space (RTH) policies have the potential to improve urban quality of life and environmental sustainability, as well as enhance public health outcomes. This study employs a secondary data approach, with public health outcome variables including neonatal mortality, stunting, and diabetes mellitus. This study employs a quantitative approach using negative binomial regression analysis to examine the empirical relationship between public health indicators and environmental variables in West Java. The results of the panel data estimates indicate that RTH have a significant negative effect on public health outcomes. This 1 km² increase in green space is correlated with a 1% decrease in the incidence of diabetes mellitus, neonatal mortality, and stunting, respectively. These findings indicate that medical interventions are not the only factors influencing public health outcomes; regional development and the environment also play a role. The findings of this study confirm, both in terms of policy and in practice, that approaches to spatial planning, fiscal policy, and economic development strategies must be formulated simultaneously.