Implementation of Blockchain Policy to Strengthen the Creative Economy Ecosystem at the Ministry of Creative Economy

Abstract

Protecting and utilizing intellectual property (IP) are strategic aspects of the creative economy, yet the sector faces challenges in transparency, data security, and governance efficiency. Blockchain technology—characterized by decentralization, transparency, and immutability—holds the potential to enhance trust and effectiveness in IP rights management, as demonstrated by implementation policies in the United States, South Korea, Japan, and Saudi Arabia.Using the Indonesian context as the primary case study alongside international references, this qualitative policy study examines regulatory, infrastructure, and creative economy conditions. The research involved ten informants representing key stakeholders, including the Ministry of Communication and Digital Affairs, the Ministry of Tourism and Creative Economy, Bappenas, the Directorate General of Intellectual Property, the Indonesian Blockchain Association, tech startups, developers, academia, and digital creators.The findings indicate that blockchain policies can improve transparency, accountability, and efficiency in ownership registration, copyright protection, and royalty distribution. However, implementation remains suboptimal due to constraints such as a lack of specific regulations, limited digital infrastructure, insufficient human resource capacity, and low technological literacy.To address these challenges, this study recommends a "Trust-Based Blockchain Governance Model," which positions blockchain as a trust infrastructure within the creative economy ecosystem. Ultimately, successful blockchain adoption requires an integrated, adaptive, and sustainable approach, driving national economic growth through policy consistency, institutional capacity building, and cross-sector collaboration.