The selective effect of various yeast strains on the intestinal barrier and immunity in broiler chickens

Abstract

The search of alternatives to antibiotics application in animal farming remains actual task due to both growth of multi-resistant strains diversity and a lack of current tools efficacy. Yeast-derived probiotics are confirmed as one of prospective alternative through its special biomolecules that potent to stimulate plural host cell responses. Кluyveromyces marxianus is highly thermotolerant genus which capable to utilize multiple hydrocarbons that make it to be adaptable to various conditions. The aim of study was a comparative analysis of various К. marxianus strains potential to stimulate immunity and intestinal barrier in broilers. Ross 308 broiler chickens were exposed to two commercial Saccharomyces cerevisiae and К. marxianus B0399 strains. Other groups were exposed to two К. marxianus pilot strains. The western blot analysis was applied to assess occludin, fibronectin, NF-κB p65, and TNF-α contents as gut barrier and immunity markers. Both pilot К. marxianus strains developed most promised upregulation of occludin and TNF-α, whereas B0399 strain stimulated fibronectin production more intensively in compare to other yeast strains. Only one pilot К. marxianus Sa strain induced statistic increase in NF-κB p65 content. Both serum bactericidal and lysozyme activity was upregulated in all probiotic-exposed groups with variable level while most significant increase in activity stimulation observed in К. marxianus Sa group. Obtained results demonstrated the potential of K. marxianus pilot strains to be a prospective feed additive to maintain intestinal barrier integrity and stimulate immunity in broiler chickens. Besides, observed data evidence that yeast-derived probiotics could be at least a part of innovative antibiotic replacers.