Knowledge and perceptions of donation after circulatory death among nurses: a multicentre survey in Northern Italy

Abstract

Introduction: Donation after Circulatory Death (DCD) has become an increasingly important strategy for expanding the donor pool and addressing the persistent shortage of organs available for transplantation. Nurses play a key role throughout the donation process; however, evidence regarding their knowledge of DCD in Italian healthcare settings remains limited. Materials and Methods: a multicentre cross-sectional survey was conducted between June and July 2024 among registered nurses working in three hospitals in Northern Italy. An adapted version of a previously published questionnaire was used to assess knowledge and perceptions regarding DCD. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics. Results: a total of 113 nurses participated in the study. Nearly two-thirds (64.6%) reported previous exposure to organ or tissue donation pathways, whereas only 20.4% had received specific education on DCD. Most participants recognised that tissue donation (92.0%) and solid organ donation (79.6%) may be possible following circulatory arrest. However, important knowledge gaps emerged regarding death determination criteria (41.6%), donor classification systems (16.8%), and the implications of the no-touch period (17.7%). Conclusions: nurses demonstrated general awareness of DCD but limited knowledge in several procedure-specific areas. Structured educational initiatives addressing both technical and ethical aspects of DCD may improve preparedness and support the implemen- tation of DCD programmes in clinical practice.