The impact of angiotensin II type 1 receptor A1166C gene polymorphism on blood pressure levels in patients with hypertension: A cross-sectional study

Abstract

Background: Hypertension is a condition characterized by elevated blood pressure, posing a risk factor for various cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) with increasing prevalence worldwide. One risk factor for hypertension includes single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) A1166C (rs5186) in angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) gene. Through a mechanism of structural changes and microRNA (miRNA) expression, A1166C SNP is associated with an increased risk of hypertension. Objective: This study aimed to explore the effect of AT1R A1166C SNP on blood pressure in hypertensive patients. Methods: The analytical cross-sectional observational study was carried out using primary data from 52 stored biological samples (peripheral blood mononuclear cells - PBMC) obtained from hypertensive patients. The variables measured were the presence of AT1R SNP and patients’ blood pressure. AT1R SNP was detected using polymerase chain reaction (PCR), followed by gene sequencing. Data analysis was conducted using T-test and Mann-Whitney tests for systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP). Result: There was no statistically significant difference in SBP and DBP among patients between AT1R A1166C SNP and wild type (WT) group (p > 0.05). However, a clinically meaningful difference in SBP was observed in AT1R A1166C SNP group (158±26) compared to WT group (144±22). Conclusion: AT1R A1166C SNP was not associated with increased blood pressure in this population. Keyword : A1166C SNP; Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor; Hypertension; rs5186.