IoT-Based Environmental Monitoring and Automated Control for Eco-Friendly Mushroom Cultivation in Student Engineering Project

Abstract

This paper presents an Internet of Things (IoT)-based power and energy management system for an eco-friendly mushroom farmhouse developed as part of a Final Year Project. The system demonstrates the integration of embedded systems, IoT technologies, and renewable energy concepts to support smart agriculture applications. Mushroom cultivation requires stable temperature and humidity conditions to ensure consistent growth, quality, and yield. The proposed system integrates multiple DHT11 temperature and humidity sensors with an ESP32 microcontroller for real-time environmental monitoring and automated humidity control. A 16-liter humidifier is controlled through a relay module based on average humidity threshold values. Real-time data visualization and remote monitoring are implemented using the Blynk mobile application, while historical environmental data are stored using Google Sheets as a cloud-based platform. Experimental results demonstrate that the system effectively monitors environmental variations and maintains suitable humidity conditions with reduced manual intervention. The proposed system provides a low-cost and practical solution for small-scale smart mushroom cultivation with potential applications in sustainable agriculture.