Pengaruh Penyetaraan Jabatan, Pengembangan Kompetensi, dan Motivasi Kerja terhadap Kinerja PNS: Peran Moderasi Literasi Digital pada Kantor Pusat Kementerian Agama

Abstract

Bureaucratic transformation requires more than structural adjustment; it depends on employee competencies, work motivation, and the ability to operate effectively in an increasingly digital environment. This study investigates whether administrative-to-functional position equalization, competency development, and work motivation contribute to Indonesian civil servant performance and whether digital literacy strengthens these relationships at the Central Office of the Ministry of Religious Affairs. A quantitative cross-sectional survey collected questionnaire data from 180 civil servants selected through stratified random sampling. Hypotheses were tested using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) with SmartPLS. The findings show that position equalization, competency development, and work motivation each have a positive and statistically significant effect on civil servant performance, with work motivation producing the strongest direct effect. Digital literacy has no significant direct effect on performance, but its moderating role is significant across all three relationships, strengthening their effects. The strongest interaction occurs between competency development and performance. The structural model explains 41.5% of performance variance and demonstrates predictive relevance. These findings indicate that digital literacy functions primarily as a complementary capability rather than an independent performance driver. Therefore, the Ministry should integrate digital capabilities into competency development programs while maintaining motivational mechanisms and providing post-equalization support.