Performance and grain yield of five durum wheat varieties (Triticum durum Desf) and one bread wheat check

Abstract

Objective: To compare the performance and grain yield of five durum wheat varieties and one bread wheat check under irrigated conditions in Villa de Cos, Zacatecas, Mexico. Design/methodology/approach: A field experiment was conducted during the autumn-winter cycle 2023-2024 in Villa de Cos, Zacatecas, Mexico. Five durum wheat varieties and one bread wheat check were evaluated under irrigation using a randomized complete block design with six treatments and six replications. Phenological, agronomic, and yield-related traits were recorded during crop development and at harvest. Data were analyzed using a linear mixed model, considering variety as a fixed effect and block as a random effect. Mean comparisons were performed with Tukey’s test. Results: Clear differences among the evaluated materials were observed for phenological development, agronomic behavior, and grain yield. Barobampo C-2015 was the earliest entry, whereas Quetchehueca Oro C-2013 showed the longest cycle. Significant varietal differences were detected for the main yield-related traits. Banámichi 2004 showed the highest grain yield, followed by Barobampo C-2015 and Imperial C-2008. These materials also showed favorable yield-associated traits compared with the remaining entries. Limitations on study/implications: The study was conducted in a single locality and during one growing cycle; therefore, the results should be interpreted as local evidence under the irrigated conditions of Villa de Cos. Additional evaluation across years and environments is needed to confirm the consistency of varietal performance. Findings/conclusions: The evaluated wheat materials differed in agronomic performance and grain yield under the local conditions of Villa de Cos. Banámichi C-2004, Barobampo C-2015, and Imperial C-2008 showed the best productive performance and may represent promising materials for irrigated wheat production in this locality.