Critical Analysis of Worker's Rights and Protection in the Gig Economy in Pakistan

Abstract

The gig economy has revolutionized the employment landscape globally, introducing flexible, task-based work managed via digital platforms. In Pakistan, this sector has expanded exponentially across ride-hailing, food delivery, and digital freelancing. However, this growth has exposed significant regulatory deficits. This research paper critically evaluates the existing legal framework governing gig workers in Pakistan and examines the vulnerabilities stemming from ambiguous employment classifications, lack of social security, and non-existent dispute resolution mechanisms. Employing a mixed-methods doctrinal and empirical assessment, this paper highlights how traditional labor statutes fail to protect gig platform workers. Ultimately, the study presents actionable policy and statutory recommendations to align domestic regulations with international labor standards, fostering an equitable environment for independent digital workers