ЄВРОПЕЙСЬКІ ОРІЄНТИРИ МОДЕРНІЗАЦІЇ АГРАРНОЇ ПОЛІТИКИ УКРАЇНИ: АДАПТАЦІЯ ДО СПІЛЬНОЇ АГРАРНОЇ ПОЛІТИКИ

Abstract

The article substantiates European guidelines for modernising Ukraine’s agrarian policy in the context of adaptation to the European Union’s Common Agricultural Policy. The research argues that approximation to the CAP should not be interpreted as a mechanical transfer of legal norms or subsidy schemes. For Ukraine, adaptation is a deeper transformation of the policy cycle: from fragmented sectoral support to strategic, evidence-based, performance-oriented governance that connects farm income, competitiveness, climate responsibility, rural development and food security. The paper systematises the scientific approaches of Ukrainian researchers who examine the evolution of the CAP, the European integration priorities of land use, sustainable agricultural practices, public finance and strategic management in the agrarian sector. At the same time, the unresolved part of the problem is identified as the lack of a methodological framework that combines acquis alignment with institutional capacity, fiscal realism and the structural diversity of Ukrainian agriculture. The author proposes the logic of controlled convergence, which includes four interrelated contours: regulatory approximation to EU agricultural acquis; institutional and digital capacity building through the State Agrarian Register, integrated administration and control systems, land parcel identification and farm sustainability data; redesign of financial support with clear eligibility criteria and environmental conditionality; and territorial rural development based on community needs, advisory services, innovation and inclusion. The article emphasises that the Ukrainian model should be compatible with the CAP but sensitive to wartime losses, demining needs, logistics constraints, the coexistence of large agricultural enterprises and small farms, and the budgetary limitations of the state. A conceptual model and a staged adaptation matrix are proposed. The conclusions define practical priorities for further reform: preparation of a CAP-like national strategic plan, establishment of a paying agency, development of reliable data systems, gradual introduction of conditionality, and strengthening of rural development instruments.