Clinical Assessment of Adjacent Tooth Periodontal Tissue Injury Following Minimally Invasive Tooth Extraction

Abstract

Objective: To compare the impact of minimally invasive tooth extraction (MITE) versus conventional tooth extraction (CTE) on periodontal tissue of adjacent teeth via a randomized controlled trial. Methods: Eighty patients needing posterior single-tooth extraction were randomized to MITE (n=40) or CTE (n=40). Primary outcomes (probing depth, clinical attachment level, bleeding on probing, marginal bone level) were assessed at baseline and up to 6 months. Results: Seventy-seven completed follow-up. At 6 months, MITE showed less PD increase (+0.09±0.05 mm vs +0.31±0.09 mm; P<0.001), less CAL loss (0.07±0.04 mm vs 0.26±0.10 mm; P<0.001), less MBL loss (-0.12±0.07 mm vs -0.28±0.13 mm; P=0.003), and lower BOP frequency (all P<0.05). Conclusions: MITE better preserves periodontal tissue, improving probing depth, clinical attachment, and marginal bone. It is suitable for patients with existing periodontal disease in the extraction area.