Impact of Project-Based Learning on Student Engagement in Science Classroom

Abstract

This research explores how learning science through Project-Based Learning (PBL) can increase student engagement by influencing student interest and academic performance in the 7th-grade classroom. While elementary students often enjoy science because it is very hands-on, middle school introduces a more structured instruction, which can reduce student motivation and lead to a decrease in engagement. This study sought to understand whether Project-Based Learning (PBL) could help bridge the gap between engagement and rigor. PBL provides students with opportunities to explore authentic, real-world problems, collaborate with peers, and apply scientific concepts in meaningful contexts. Students actively construct knowledge through inquiry, experimentation, and reflection. These elements align closely with the goals of middle school science education—to foster critical thinking, creativity, and problem-solving skills while maintaining student interest and joy in learning. The study was conducted in two 7th-grade science classrooms, one of which included a dual-language Spanish program. Students participated in science units designed around PBL principles that emphasized inquiry-based projects, collaboration, and student choice. Data were collected using pre- and post-interest surveys and pre- and post-unit assessments to measure shifts in student attitudes, engagement, and academic performance.