PENGGUNAAN METODE EKSPERIMEN UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA PADA MATA PELAJARAN IPAS KELAS 4 DI MIS AT-TAQWA SAMBAS

Abstract

Student learning outcomes are influenced not only by content mastery but also by the way instruction is designed and implemented. The experimental method allows students to observe phenomena, formulate predictions, conduct experiments, collect evidence, and draw conclusions. This article discusses how experimental learning may improve student outcomes and identifies conditions that support its implementation. A narrative literature review was conducted using education research articles, particularly studies on experimental methods in elementary science and integrated science-social studies learning. The reviewed literature suggests that experiments can support engagement, conceptual understanding, and achievement when learning objectives, worksheets, classroom management, teacher guidance, and assessment are well aligned. Nevertheless, experiments are not automatically effective in every context. Planning quality, equipment availability, safety, facilitation of discussion, and student characteristics influence the results. The article recommends structured and reflective experiments accompanied by pre- and post-learning assessment. As a literature review, this article does not report new field data; its conclusions are limited to the sources examined.