Jun 2026· Plants· Vol 15, pp. 2033· 0 citations· 89 references
Medicine
TL;DR
This review summarizes recent advances in understanding the roles of kinases and phosphatases in SAM maintenance, with a particular focus on phosphorylation-mediated control of the CLV3–WUS pathway and associated signaling networks.
Abstract
The shoot apical meristem (SAM) serves as the cellular source of aboveground plant development and is precisely regulated by a complex interplay of genetic, hormonal, and environmental factors. Central to this regulation is the CLAVATA3 (CLV3)–WUSCHEL (WUS) negative feedback loop, which maintains SAM homeostasis by balancing stem cell proliferation and differentiation. Among the diverse regulatory mechanisms, reversible protein phosphorylation, which is mediated by protein kinases and phosphatases, has emerged as a key posttranslational modification that integrates internal and external signals to modulate SAM activity. This review summarizes recent advances in understanding the roles of kinases and phosphatases in SAM maintenance, with a particular focus on phosphorylation-mediated control of the CLV3–WUS pathway and associated signaling networks. By synthesizing these molecular insights, we aim to provide a comprehensive reference for deciphering the regulatory mechanisms underlying SAM homeostasis. A deeper understanding of SAM regulation not only advances fundamental knowledge of plant developmental biology but also holds significant potential for improving crop architecture and agricultural productivity.
This review synthesizes the significant advancements made over the past decade in understanding JA's role in regulating plant development and mediating responses to environmental stresses, areas that lacked systematic review in previous years.
Rui Wang, Teja Manda, A. Movahedi et al.· Functional Plant Biology· 0 citations
A positive feedback loop between CLV3 and WUS that is mediated by multiple hormone interactions, which is critical for plants to adapt to harsh environments is revealed.
Mengchu Xu, Haijun Wu, Chengwu Liu et al.· Molecular Plant· 0 citations
Transcriptional regulation is the cornerstone of plant developmental plasticity and environmental resilience. Central to these processes are the B-Box (BBX) proteins, a family of zinc-finger transcription factors that have emerged as pivotal signaling hubs. While their roles were initially defined through light signaling and photoperiodic flowering in Arabidopsis, recent advances have repositioned BBX proteins as integrative nodes across a vast array of physiological processes, including seed germination, thermomorphogenesis, shade avoidance and senescence, as well as responses to both abiotic and biotic stresses. The remarkable functional diversity of BBX proteins emerges from a highly orchestrated, hierarchical regulatory landscape. This review synthesizes recent progress in how BBX activity is modulated through chromatin remodeling, alternative splicing and E3-ligase-mediated protein stability, among other mechanisms. We propose that understanding BBX function requires a shift from identifying isolated target genes to decoding the combinatorial logic of their interactions. Deciphering this interactome under fluctuating environments not only deepens our knowledge of the molecular mechanisms regulating plant plasticity but also identifies highly promising targets for the precision breeding of climate-resilient crops.
J. Botto, G. Gómez-Ocampo, C. Barraza· Plant physiology and biochem...· 0 citations
Current knowledge on the hormonal, transcriptional, and environmental regulation of storage-root enlargement in medicinal plants is synthesized and future research directions to improve root yield, medicinal quality, and bioactive compound accumulation are highlighted.
Mengfan Deng, Yi Lv, Shilin Zhang et al.· Frontiers in Plant Science· 0 citations
Recent advances in plant nutrient signalling during development are reviewed, focussing on how carbon and nitrogen signals inform shoot apical meristem activity and the emerging idea that meristem regulators may reciprocally influence nutrient signalling pathways and metabolism is considered.
Christopher Bell, Elena Baena-González· Current opinion in plant bio...· 0 citations
Regulatory mechanisms of several types of PTMs, including phosphorylation, ubiquitination, SUMOylation, acetylation, crotonylation, and S-acylation, in the cold stress signaling pathway are summarized.
