Protecting SAP cloud environments: a risk-based approach to secure enterprise systems

Abstract

In recent years, organizations have increasingly migrated enterprise systems to cloud platforms, significantly transforming how operational and financial processes are managed. With the adoption of modern solutions such as SAP S/4HANA, new security challenges emerge, particularly in areas such as access control, identity governance, and monitoring of privileged activities. This article aims to analyze the main security challenges in SAP cloud environments and propose a risk-based approach that integrates governance, access control, and continuous monitoring. The methodology is based on conceptual review and analysis of market practices aligned with international security frameworks. The results indicate that implementing structured governance models enhances organizational resilience against cyber threats while ensuring compliance with global standards. It is concluded that security in SAP cloud environments is essential for protecting critical systems and ensuring business continuity.