Vulvar tuberculosis: An unusual presentation

Abstract

We report a rare case of vulval tuberculosis (TB) in a young woman who presented with painless vulval swelling with papulonodular lesions. Histopathology showed caseating granulomas with Langhans giant cells, while cartridge-based nucleic acid amplification test confirmed Mycobacterium TB sensitive to rifampicin. Acid-fast staining and culture were negative, consistent with the paucibacillary nature of the disease. The patient responded significantly to antitubercular therapy. Vulval TB, often mimicking sexually transmitted infections or malignancy, remains rare. Early recognition with histological confirmation is crucial for effective management and prevention of disfigurement or dissemination.