Research on geological disaster risk assessment of highway corridors integrating multisource spatial information

Abstract

In mountainous and tectonically active regions, geological hazards pose a significant threat to highway corridors, with serious consequences for infrastructure integrity and human safety. To address this issue, this study integrates multi-source spatial information and develops a rapid geohazard risk assessment framework based on the analytic hierarchy process (AHP), the entropy weight method, and the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS). The results indicate that: (1) the fusion of multisource spatial information derived from landslide density, landslide susceptibility, and InSAR deformation rate can effectively characterize the spatial heterogeneity of geological hazard risk within the highway corridor; (2) the highway corridor in the study area is dominated overall by very low- and low-hazard zones, whereas high- and very high-hazard zones are mainly distributed in linear and patchy patterns, concentrated in the central section of the route and in local areas of the southern section; and (3) the integrated evaluation approach based on AHP–entropy weighting and the TOPSIS model enables a unified quantitative representation of three indicators, thereby producing a geological hazard zonation map for the highway corridor. This framework provides technical support for highway route planning, construction, and operation in geologically complex regions.