Analysis of Lean Construction and its Implementation in Building Construction Projects in Bali Province

Abstract

This study aimed to identify the factors influencing the implementation of lean construction, analyze its effects on project performance, and formulate strategies to enhance its implementation. The study involved 70 contractor respondents in Bali Province, selected through purposive sampling, using a questionnaire that had been tested for validity and reliability. Data were analyzed using Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) with the Principal Component Analysis method to identify the main factors, as well as multiple linear regression analysis to examine their effects on project performance. Strategy formulation was conducted through focus group discussions involving construction practitioners and construction management experts. The factor analysis results identified three main factors influencing the implementation of lean construction: continuous process improvement, collaborative value management, and resource flow management, which together explained 68.061% of the total variance. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the three factors simultaneously had a significant effect on project performance (F = 42.768; p < 0.001; R² = 0.660). Partially, collaborative value management and resource flow management had significant positive effects on project performance, whereas continuous process improvement did not demonstrate a significant effect. Improvement strategies were formulated for the three areas, including the adoption of digital technologies, strengthening communication and quality management practices, and optimizing resource management. The implementation of lean construction in building projects in Bali Province was influenced by three main factors and significantly affected project performance, while the proposed strategies emphasized process digitalization, enhanced collaboration, and resource optimization.