Association between medication adherence and quality of life in ocular Behçet’s syndrome

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate medication adherence and its impact on physical and mental health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among patients with ocular Behçet’s syndrome (BS) in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 53 patients with ocular BS. Medication adherence was assessed using the Compliance Questionnaire for Rheumatology-5 (CQR-5), and HRQoL was measured using the Short Form-12 Health Survey, generating Physical (PCS) and Mental (MCS) Component Summary scores. Sociodemographic and clinical data were collected, and correlation and regression analyses identified factors associated with HRQoL. Results: Participants were predominantly male (83.0%), with 62.3% having a disease duration of ≥5 years. Adherence was high (mean CQR score, 3.46) and correlated positively with both PCS (r ≤ 0.642, p < 0.001) and MCS (r ≤ 0.588, p < 0.001). Adherence showed the strongest independent association with both PCS (β ≤ 0.42, p < 0.001) and MCS (β ≤ 0.39, p ≤ 0.001), and biologic therapy was independently associated with better mental HRQoL (β ≤ 0.18, p ≤ 0.049). Conclusion: Medication adherence was strongly associated with both physical and mental HRQoL in ocular BS, with higher adherence linked to better patient-reported well-being.