TOWARDS VSM-BIM INTEGRATION IN ROAD DESIGN: IDENTIFYING TRANSFERABLE CRITICAL SUCCESS FACTORS THROUGH A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW AND THEMATIC ANALYSIS

Abstract

Purpose: This study aims to explore the current state of knowledge and identify transferable critical success factors (CSFs) from Lean-BIM literature that may inform future VSM-BIM integration in road design processes Methodology: A Systematic Literature Review (SLR) was conducted following the PRISMA 2020 guidelines, complemented by a reflexive thematic analysis of five conceptually relevant peer-reviewed studies published between 2014 and 2024. Findings: The review revealed a significant research gap, with no studies directly addressing VSM-BIM integration in road design. Consequently, the thematic analysis focused on extracting transferable insights from related Lean-BIM integration studies within the broader construction domain. The analysis identified fifteen CSFs organised into five interrelated themes: Leadership and Organisational Support, Collaboration and Early Stakeholder Engagement, Process Efficiency and Waste Reduction, Technology Enablement and Visualisation, and Training and Knowledge Sharing. These themes collectively represent organisational, technological, collaborative, and capability-related factors that may support future VSM-BIM integration efforts within road design environments. Implications:  This study contributes to the emerging body of knowledge by providing an exploratory conceptual framework that can inform future empirical investigations and support practitioners, policymakers, and infrastructure agencies seeking to advance Lean and digital transformation in road project delivery.