Bridging cybersecurity and sociology: A review of community-based cybercrime prevention approaches for protecting vulnerable populations in the United States

Abstract

Cybercrime is a sociotechnical threat that affects vulnerable communities such as low-income groups, older adults, and marginalized groups in the United States. The standard methods of cybersecurity, which have centered on technical protection and regulatory adherence, have been ineffective in managing the multifaceted social aspects of cyber risk. This study is a narrative review synthesizing interdisciplinary literature in cybersecurity, criminology, and sociology to evaluate the role of community-based prevention strategies in reducing cybercrime. Based on empirical and theoretical research, the review identifies the influence of structural inequalities, digital literacy, and institutional constraints on victimization patterns. It also examines the imperative functions of families, community organizations, and local institutions as digital guardians in enhancing resilience. The results indicate that the use of culturally specific, community-based interventions is more effective than generic interventions, especially in cases of dealing with marginalized groups. Nevertheless, there are still some gaps, among others, the lack of U.S.-focused research, the underrepresentation of minority populations, and the absence of longitudinal assessments of prevention initiatives. The review suggests a combined sociotechnical framework that focuses on multi-level, equity-based, and community-based approaches to cybercrime prevention. These lessons will support interdisciplinary research and policy-making to protect vulnerable groups in the most digital society. Keywords: Community-Based Cybercrime Prevention, Digital Literacy, Vulnerable Populations, Sociotechnical Framework, Cybersecurity and Society.