Circadian rhythm disruption and multiple sclerosis: The role of affective symptoms and temperamental traits.

Individual Differences in Sleep Quality: Exploring the Impact of Temperament on Sleep Through Anxiety and Depression

ABSTRACT According to the functional ensemble of temperament (FET) model, individual differences in temperament arise from the balance of neurotransmitter systems also crucial for regulating circadian rhythms and sleep, suggesting a strong neurobiological link between temperament and sleep behavior. The present cross‐sectional study examined whether FET‐defined temperamental traits predict interindividual variation in sleep measures. A total of 394 healthy adults completed the Structure of Temperament Questionnaire (STQ‐77) and validated measures of sleep quality, insomnia severity, daytime sleepiness, and presleep arousal, together with indices of anxiety and depression. Several temperamental traits showed robust associations with sleep outcomes. Neuroticism and impulsivity were associated with poorer sleep quality, greater insomnia severity, and heightened presleep cognitive arousal; these effects were largely mediated by anxiety and depression. Higher social tempo was associated with better sleep and reduced daytime sleepiness. Additional associations emerged for empathy, probabilistic thinking, plasticity, and physical endurance, indicating that orientation, integration, and maintenance FET systems contribute to shaping sleep behavior. These findings indicate that stable, neurochemically grounded temperamental traits may shape interindividual sleep differences, with affective distress as a central mediator. Integrating temperament models into sleep research provides a biologically coherent framework for identifying both risk and resilience factors and informs personalized sleep interventions.

Night eating in Cushing's disease: Disentangling psychological, sleep, and endocrine contributions.

Night eating symptoms are elevated in active CD but appear more closely linked to psychological distress and sleep disruption than to concurrent cortisol levels, which suggests sleep problems may occur without a shift in circadian preference.

Sleep and circadian disruption as transdiagnostic drivers of psychosis: a unified mechanistic framework.

The bidirectional relationship between sleep dysfunction and psychosis, the shared biological mechanisms underlying both, the utility of sleep assessment as an early warning marker for relapse, and the current gaps in sleep-targeted intervention evidence are examined.

The Circadian Disruption Index: development, validation, and responsiveness to circadian health education

Study Objectives To develop and initially validate the Circadian Disruption Index (CDI), a self-report measure of circadian disruption, and obtain preliminary evidence of its responsiveness to circadian health education. Methods In Study 1, 244 participants completed a 22-item CDI version and external measures. The sample was randomly divided for exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses. Internal consistency, external associations, and discrimination of poor sleep quality were examined. In Study 2, 72 postgraduate students completed the CDI before and 1 week after a 16-hour circadian health education program in an uncontrolled pre-post design. Results Analyses yielded a 15-item, three-factor structure comprising rhythm stability and light exposure, behavioral habits and diet, and sleep quality and subjective complaints. Total-score internal consistency was acceptable (Cronbach's = 0.871). Confirmatory factor analysis showed a comparative fit index of 0.902 and a root mean square error of approximation of 0.072, although the Tucker-Lewis index was 0.882. CDI scores correlated with sleep quality, chronotype, corrected midsleep on free days, depression, and anxiety, but not social jetlag. The area under the curve for poor sleep quality was 0.807 (95% confidence interval, 0.753-0.862), with an exploratory cutoff of [≤] 23. In Study 2, CDI scores decreased from 22.26 to 19.88 (p = 0.002; Cohen's dz = 0.36). Conclusions The CDI demonstrated satisfactory internal consistency, a meaningful multidimensional structure, and responsiveness to short-term changes following circadian health education, supporting its potential utility for assessing circadian disruption and monitoring circadian-related behavioral changes.

Revisiting infradian rhythms in depressive symptoms: wearable signals identify individualised mood cycles in healthy adults

Quality beats quantity: Predicting affective states by different sleep indices in psychiatric patients with suicidal thoughts and behavior.

Cumulative SQ, indexed by a three-night pile-up measure, consistently outperformed raw SQ and alternative indices in predicting higher PA and lower NA at both within- and between-person levels, and highlights cumulative sleep quality as a clinically relevant marker of short-term affective vulnerability.