Optimizing the Composition of Fiber-Reinforced Concrete Airfield Pavements to Improve Performance and Prevent Cracking

Abstract

Concrete airfield pavements often experience premature failure due to extensive cracking under repeated loading and environmental exposure. Traditional single-scale fiber reinforcement methods have proven inadequate in controlling both micro- and macro-cracks, prompting the need for hybrid solutions. This study investigates the mechanical and durability performance of concrete reinforced with hybrid combinations of micro basalt and macro basalt fibers. The main objectives were to evaluate the synergistic effects of dual-scale fiber reinforcement on crack resistance, elasticity, density, and water-related durability properties, and to determine the optimal fiber combination for high-performance pavement concrete. A comprehensive experimental program was conducted involving 25 concrete mixes with varying proportions of micro basalt and macro basalt fibers. Parameters such as elastic modulus, dry and saturated density, water absorption, and moisture content were measured and analyzed. The methodology employed standard mechanical testing protocols and statistical comparisons to identify trends and correlations. Results revealed that combinations such as 1.5A1.5B and 1.5A0.5B achieved superior elasticity (up to 53.65 GPa) and optimal balance across densities and water absorption. While fiber inclusion had minimal influence on compressive strength, basalt fibers significantly improved tensile and flexural behavior, toughness, and resistance to environmental degradation. The hybrid mixes demonstrated reduced porosity and water absorption, enhancing long-term durability. In conclusion, dual-scale hybrid fiber reinforcement offers a viable strategy for enhancing crack control, elasticity, and durability in concrete airfield pavements. It is recommended that future pavement designs incorporate optimized micro basalt and macro basalt fibers combinations to extend service life, reduce maintenance, and promote sustainable infrastructure development.