YTHDF3 Promotes the Progression of Gastric Cancer by Activating the Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway via Targeting NEK7.

Objective

Gastric cancer remains a major global health burden. This study aimed to investigate the biological function, clinical significance, and underlying molecular mechanism of the RNA-binding protein YTHDF3 in gastric cancer (GC) progression.

Methods

YTHDF3 expression was analyzed using public databases (TCGA, GEO), clinical GC specimens (IHC, RT-qPCR), and GC cell lines. Functional roles were assessed through in vitro proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis assays following YTHDF3 knockdown or overexpression, and via an in vivo subcutaneous tumor model. Mechanistic insights were gained through RNA sequencing, RIP-qPCR, dual-luciferase reporter assay, co-immunofluorescence, rescue experiments, and western blotting to identify downstream targets and signaling pathways.

Results

YTHDF3 was significantly upregulated in GC tissues, correlating with lymph node metastasis and advanced TNM stage. In vitro, YTHDF3 knockdown inhibited GC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion while promoting apoptosis, whereas its overexpression had the opposite effects. In vivo, YTHDF3 knockdown suppressed tumor growth. Mechanistically, YTHDF3 directly bound to and stabilized NEK7 mRNA. NEK7 was highly expressed in GC and crucial for YTHDF3-mediated oncogenic effects. Furthermore, YTHDF3 promoted GC progression by activating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway via NEK7, which was validated using a pathway inhibitor (IWR-1-endo).

Conclusion

This study identifies the YTHDF3/NEK7 axis as a key regulator of GC progression via activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. YTHDF3 represents a potential prognostic biomarker and a promising therapeutic target for GC.