TL;DR
Vitamin D offers a protective role in neurodegeneration in healthy aging adults, the more likely mechanisms being enhanced neurogenesis, improved antioxidant status and modulation of neuronal calcium as hallmarks of reducing the levels of the amyloid marker Aβ42.
Serum homocysteine is a better diagnostic indicator of cognitive impairment than B12 in resource-limited settings and screening with the Mini-Cog test and timely supplementation with B complex vitamins can slow the progress of dementia in AD patients.
Introduction: Vitamin D status has been investigated as a modifiable risk factor with cognitive decline. However, studies pertaining to this remain inconsistent across populations, and there are fewer studies associating vitamin D status, cognitive decline, amyloid markers and oxidative stress markers in older adults....
In CSF-confirmed participants, age emerged as the most consistent predictor of plasma biomarker levels, particularly NFL and pTau181, which suggests that plasma biomarkers are influenced primarily by age and genetic background rather than by metabolic factors in this cohort.
The inverse relationship between BDNF and S100 B suggests a link between neurotrophic and neuroinflammatory processes and nursing interventions that enhance BDNF may also affect S100 B level, which may foster brain health in older adults.
It was revealed that poorer nutritional status, particularly lower MNA scores and lower prealbumin levels, was associated with higher likelihood of BPSD, which may help identify at-risk patients and inform therapeutic strategies.
Higher serum 25(OH)D concentration was associated with better cognitive performance and lower odds of cognitive impairment and documented dementia in hospitalized older adults, with adjustment for age, sex, BMI, albumin concentration, depressive symptoms, and history of stroke.
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