A novel demographically balanced FDD benchmark is constructed to train and evaluate the fairness of detectors under both balanced and imbalanced population scenarios, and a novel expression and demographic perceptual vision-language model is introduced, termed FairForensics, for generalizable fair deepfake detection.
Abstract
The challenge of fair deepfake detection (FDD) has attracted increasing attention. Existing fairness-enhanced detectors often suffer from suboptimal generalization to unseen manipulations and fairness across demographic groups. They are typically developed and evaluated on demographically imbalanced distributions, resulting in biased predictions toward minority groups. In this paper, we construct a novel demographically balanced FDD benchmark to train and evaluate the fairness of detectors under both balanced and imbalanced population scenarios. Additionally, we introduce a novel expression and demographic perceptual vision-language model, termed FairForensics, for generalizable fair deepfake detection. FairForensics conducts face forgery generalization enhancement and demographic-aware fairness regularization. During face forgery generalization enhancement, built upon the novel observation of significant distribution differences between pristine and forged expression vectors, we design an expression encoder to capture high-level expression-guided forgery patterns, and an expression-perceptual visual encoder that integrates global appearance and expression forgery features while mitigating identity bias using an identity-aware patch perturbation module. Under demographic-aware fairness regularization, we propose a demographic-guided language encoder to extract population-aware global language embeddings, which boosts the decoupling of forgery features from demographic information via vision-language alignment. We devise a population-aware prototype fairness objective to enforce both inter-class separability and intra-class alignment across demographic subgroups. Extensive experiments on our balanced demographic benchmark show that our method achieves the state-of-the-art in terms of generalization and fairness.
Orthogonal Semantic Decoupling is proposed, a framework that decouples demographic semantics from forgery cues and out-performs state-of-the-art methods in both generalization and fairness, breaking the trade-off.
Zhongyu Shi, Siyu Peng, Yimin Kang et al.· 0 citations
Cross-distribution generalization remains a critical bottleneck in deepfake detection. While recent efforts leverage the semantic priors of large-scale visual foundation models (VFMs), a noteworthy yet underexplored challenge remains: the susceptibility of these semantic priors to environmental interference from factors such as lighting and style. Crucially, this interference establishes spurious correlations between forgery cues and environmental patterns that severely limit generalization. To address this fundamental challenge, we propose an innovative Environment-Invariant Subspace Learning (EISL) framework. The core contribution of EISL is that it aims to disentangle features into orthogonal forgery-relevant invariant factors and environment-related residual factors via a learnable low-rank projection. To facilitate robust feature disentanglement, we also design an Environmental Intervention module that generates diverse and challenging intervention pairs, simulating out-of-distribution environmental shifts to guide the model toward discovering truly invariant forgery representations. Experiments across cross-dataset, cross-generator, whole-face synthesis, and corruption settings show consistent gains and competitive or leading performance against strong detectors, demonstrating improved robustness to unseen forgery types and environmental variations. This work provides a new perspective and a valuable exploration for understanding and tackling the generalization barriers of VFMs in deepfake detection.
Shenghao Chen, Hao Jia, Chen Li et al.· 0 citations
Language bias in Visual Question Answering (VQA) arises when models exploit spurious statistical correlations between question templates and answers, particularly in out-of-distribution scenarios, thereby neglecting essential visual cues and compromising genuine multimodal reasoning. Despite numerous efforts to enhance the robustness of VQA models, a principled understanding of how such bias originates and influences model behavior remains underdeveloped. In this paper, we address this gap through a comprehensive empirical and theoretical analysis, revealing that modality-specific gradient imbalances, which originate from the inherent heterogeneity of multimodal data, lead to skewed feature fusion and biased classifier weights. To alleviate these issues, we propose a novel Multi-Margin Collaborative Debiasing (MMCD) framework 2 , which adaptively integrates frequency-aware, confidence-aware, and difficulty-aware angular margins with a dynamic, difficulty-aware contrastive learning mechanism to reshape decision boundaries under biased training conditions. Extensive experiments across multiple challenging VQA benchmarks confirm the consistent superiority of our proposed MMCD over state-of-the-art baselines in combating language bias.
Huanjia Zhu, Shuyuan Zheng, Yishu Liu et al.· Neural Information Processin...· 2 citations
A multi-task learning system for the 11th ABAW challenge that extends a standard deterministic architecture with a conditional rectified-flow head to model the inherent ambiguity of in-the-wild facial behavior, enabling uncertainty-aware one-to-many predictions through Monte Carlo sampling.
S. E. Bekhouche, A. Sellam, Fadi Dornaika et al.· 0 citations
Feature-robust Augmentation is introduced, which comprises diversified degradation-aware augmentation strategies, and a supervised contrastive learning pattern paired with a mean-teacher architecture that stabilizes features against augmentations through consistency constraints that wins the first place in ACM Multimedia 2026 Explainable Deepfake Detection Challenge.
Zhu Xu, Jia-Qi Tang, Pokai Chen et al.· 0 citations
PCDD is proposed, a novelception-C ognition-driven D etector that jointly observes the form and probes the logic for short video fake news detection and transfers reasoning capabilities from LLMs to a lightweight student to mine cognitive forgeries, while reducing the risk of hallucinations and eliminating reliance on LLMs at inference.
Qingyan Wang, Lianwei Wu, Botao Wang et al.· Annual Meeting of the Associ...· 0 citations
