EmbodiedSkills is a unified framework that treats each skill decision as an execution proposal: the runtime checks its prerequisites before execution and verifies the outcome afterward and provides a trainable and inspectable agent layer for turning low-level VLA policies into closed-loop embodied systems.
Abstract
Vision-language-action (VLA) models map visual observations and language instructions directly to robot actions, but long-horizon tasks require more than action prediction. An agent must coordinate perception, planning, execution, progress verification, and recovery as the physical state evolves. An action prediction or a model-generated skill decision does not, by itself, guarantee that the proposed operation is valid in the current state or that its outcome will be verified. We propose EmbodiedSkills, a unified framework that treats each skill decision as an execution proposal: the runtime checks its prerequisites before execution and verifies the outcome afterward. A shared executable-skill interface connects high-level skill selection, bounded low-level VLA execution, and post-action verification within a single agent loop. Because this interface remains fixed, low-level VLA policies can be replaced or adapted without changing the agent loop. The interface also records planning, execution, verification, and recovery events as structured trajectories, which provide supervision for individual components and can support optional online adaptation when interactive feedback is available. We instantiate EmbodiedSkills with Qwen3-VL and OpenPI/pi0.5 on RoboTwin 2.0 and LIBERO. Task-adapted low-level VLA policies achieve an average success rate of 86.20% across 50 RoboTwin 2.0 tasks and 97.40% across the four LIBERO suites. These results establish the execution performance of the task-adapted low-level VLA policies used in EmbodiedSkills. On four memory-dependent RMBench tasks, the same task-adapted execution approach achieves 12.5% average success. The framework provides a trainable and inspectable agent layer for turning these policies into closed-loop embodied systems.
This work introduces HarnessVLN, a zero-shot, training-free framework that unifies instruction-following and object-goal navigation through a shared Agent Harness and demonstrates its applicability to both navigation tasks in real-world environments.
Yang Chen, Li-Rong Che, Zhen-Yu Huang et al.· 5 citations· ⚡1
Vision-Language Navigation (VLN) requires embodied agents to generate actions based on instructions and observations. General-purpose multimodal agents offer a promising basis for this task, but selecting plausible local actions does not ensure that execution remains consistent with the intended route, particularly in...
Hao-Xiang Shi, Zai-Jing Li, Mu-He Ding et al.· 0 citations
Vision-language-action (VLA) and world-action (WAM) models map observations and instructions directly to robot actions. This directness ties a policy to training: minor layout or viewpoint changes cause failure, and instructions generalize poorly. The root cause lies in representation: task requirements, conditions, pr...
Hong-Cheng Gao, Jing-Jing Zhou, Ze Zheng et al.· 4 citations
Results demonstrate that model-external structured state maintenance and closed-loop agentic decision making can effectively extend the local control capabilities of WAMs into embodied task execution that is plannable, verifiable, and recoverable.
Zhao-Peng Gu, Bing-Ke Zhu, Tianxin Lin et al.· 5 citations
A key challenge in bringing embodied intelligence into the real world is transferring capabilities from simulation to reality and enabling agents to continually adapt after deployment. End-to-end vision-language-action policies provide strong manipulation capabilities, but their transfer to physical environments typica...
Chen-Xi Li, Zhang-Rui Zhao, Rui Li et al.· 0 citations
Comprehensive evaluations on OpenVLA and RDT across LIBERO and ManiSkill benchmarks show that SpecVLA reduces end-to-end latency significantly while preserving task success rate, and achieves real-time robotic manipulation with both high efficiency and reliability.
Chunyu Qi, Zhuoran Song, Jian Weng et al.· 0 citations
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