Optimization of In Vitro Conditions for Micropropagation of Dieffenbachia exotica cv. Tropic Snow

Abstract

Dieffenbachia is widely used in indoor landscaping due to its variegated leaf structure and high adaptability to indoor conditions. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of combinations of cytokinins (BAP) and auxins (NAA and 2,4-D) on vegetative growth during the in vitro micropropagation of Dieffenbachia sp. Single-node shoot explants were transferred to MS medium. Basic morphological parameters such as shoot length, number of leaves, number of roots, and root length were evaluated in the study. Statistically significant differences were found among the treatments (p<0.05). The highest shoot growth was observed in the T1 (6.00 cm) treatment, whereas the T1 (5.00 per plantlet) and T3 (5.00 per plantlet) treatments exhibited a higher number of leaves. In terms of rooting performance, the highest number of roots (8.08 per plantlet) occurred in the T2 treatment, while the longest roots occurred in the T1 treatment (8.67 cm). No vegetative growth occurred in the treatments containing a high concentration (0.6 mg/L) 2,4D (T14, T16, T18, T20). This study demonstrates that low and moderate levels of cytokinin-auxin combinations enhance in vitro regeneration efficiency in Dieffenbachia exotica cv. Tropic Snow. in in vitro regeneration and provides an important basis for optimizing protocols the commercial micropropagation of this species.