Performance Enhancement of Grid-Connected Hybrid Microgrids Using ANFIS-Controlled Renewable Energy with BESS Integrated UPQC

Abstract

The rapid integration of renewable energy resources into modern distribution networks has significantly improved the sustainability of electrical power systems. However, the intermittent characteristics of photovoltaic (PV) and wind energy conversion systems (WECS), together with the increasing penetration of nonlinear loads, have introduced serious power quality challenges, including harmonic distortion, voltage fluctuations, reactive power imbalance, and poor dynamic stability. This paper proposes an intelligent hybrid microgrid incorporating a Photovoltaic (PV) system, Wind Energy Conversion System (WECS), Battery Energy Storage System (BESS), and Unified Power Quality Conditioner (UPQC) controlled by an Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS). The proposed ANFIS controller replaces the conventional proportional-integral (PI) controller to achieve faster dynamic response, adaptive reference current generation, and superior DC-link voltage regulation under varying operating conditions. The coordinated operation of PV, WECS, and BESS ensures continuous energy availability while minimizing dependence on the utility grid. The UPQC effectively compensates voltage disturbances, mitigates harmonic currents, and maintains near-unity power factor, thereby improving the overall power quality of the hybrid microgrid. MATLAB/Simulink simulations demonstrate that the proposed ANFIS-based strategy significantly reduces total harmonic distortion (THD), enhances transient performance, improves renewable energy utilization, and increases system reliability compared with the conventional PI-controlled configuration, making it an effective solution for future smart grid applications