Stakeholders' Perceptions of Artificial Intelligence Integration in Nigerian Polytechnics: Benefits, Barriers, and Strategic Recommendations

Abstract

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is increasingly transforming higher education by enhancing teaching, learning, research, and institutional administration. Despite its growing relevance, the adoption of AI in many Nigerian polytechnics remains limited due to several institutional and technological challenges. This study investigated the perceived benefits of Artificial Intelligence, barriers to its adoption, and strategies for strengthening AI integration in selected polytechnics in Adamawa and Taraba States, Nigeria. A descriptive survey research design employing a quantitative approach was adopted. Data were collected from academic staff, administrative staff, ICT personnel, and students using a structured questionnaire that was validated by experts for content and reliability. The data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The findings revealed that respondents perceived Artificial Intelligence as a valuable tool for improving teaching effectiveness, research productivity, innovation, academic support, and institutional efficiency. However, inadequate ICT infrastructure, insufficient funding, poor internet connectivity, limited technical expertise, and inadequate staff training were identified as major barriers to effective AI adoption. Respondents further emphasized that sustainable AI integration requires increased investment in digital infrastructure, continuous capacity-building programmes, supportive institutional policies, government intervention, and curriculum integration of AI concepts. Inferential analysis indicated significant differences among respondent groups regarding perceptions of AI benefits and significant associations between respondent category and perceived barriers to AI adoption. The study concludes that Artificial Intelligence has considerable potential to enhance educational quality and institutional performance in Nigerian polytechnics. However, realizing these benefits requires deliberate investment in infrastructure, human capacity development, policy formulation, and collaborative partnerships to support the sustainable integration of AI into teaching, learning, research, and administrative processes.