Extended Kalman based optimal controller gain estimation for multi-area load frequency control

Abstract

A novel technique for load frequency control of a multi-area power system with state observer is proposed in this paper. State observer based model overcomes the difficulty in continuous system state measurements which forms the main drawback in the application of linear quadratic regulator. This paper presents a combined estimation of state and optimal gain so that uncertainties in the system and variation in system parameters can be successfully accommodated. Augmenting the optimal controller gains to state variables results in non-linearity in the system model and hence Extended Kalman filter is used for the combined estimation. A comparative analysis based on Monte Carlo simulations of a two area power system under different measurement noise variances are included for the validation of proposed control technique. Matlab Software for Disciplined Convex Programming toolbox is used to verify the convergence of proposed technique. To ensure the effectiveness of the proposed technique, it is applied to a control area linked with an interconnected system including real time simulations using PSCAD.